Introduction
Due to increase in the
popularity of online and distant learning, effective instructional design model
is a necessity in today’s engaging online learning environments. Students
easily lose their interests and feel worried and confused due to the poorly
designed online course.
The principle of
developing educational experiences that increases the efficiency, effectiveness
and appeal of learning is known as Instructional Design (ID), also known as
Instructional Systematic Design (ISD). Effective ISD models are very useful for
the teachers and learners. Additionally, it helps in organizing content,
prepare effective lessons, support and help learners and encourage engaging,
meaningful and active learning. The main goal of this article is to discuss the
principles of effective online instructional design that is helpful for
creating online courses while taking pedagogical principles and learning
theories into considerations.
In this article, the
author majorly talks about the most repeatedly mentioned traditional ISD
models- ADDIE and Dick and Carey’s model and also presents a new ISD Model-
ICCEE (Identify, Choose, Create, Engage and Evaluate).
Traditional
ISD Models
There are mainly two
traditional ISD models; ADDIE and Dick and Carey’s Model. The ADDIE model has
five major course design principles: Analysis, Design, Development,
Implementation and Evaluation whereas Dick and Carey’s model follows nine step
process into three phases- Analysis, Design and Development. The nine steps of
Dick and Carey’s model are-1) Identifying instructional goals, 2) Conducting
instructional analysis, 3) Analyzing learners and contexts, 4) Writing
performance objectives, 5) Developing Assessment instruments, 6) Developing
instructional strategy, 7) Developing and selecting instructional materials, 8)
Designing and conducting Formative evaluation and 9) Designing and conducting
Summative Evaluation.
Online
Instructional Design Models
Apart from the most
used traditional ISD Models; ADDIE and Dick and Carey’s Model, there are five
major ISD models, theories and standard relevant to online instruction or
e-learning design. They are- 1) Alonso, Lopez, Manrique, and Vines’ E-learning
instructional model, 2) the Instructional Design Model for Online Learning
(IDOL), 3) Roblyer’s Online and blended learning design theory, 4) the Online
instruction rubric by Quality Online Learning and Teaching (QOLT), 5) Quality
Matters (QM) Publisher Rubric.
A
Pedagogically Effective Model for Online Instructional Design
Based on the
observations of various ISD Models, the author has proposed a new model
consisting five main principles or steps in the model: Identify, Choose,
Create, Engage and Evaluate (ICCEE). The special feature in this model is that
all main steps and their associated sub-steps majorly follow a sequential order
and circular order as well. The efficiency of designing an online course can be
maximized by an online instructor following this model.
Conclusion
The proposed ICCEE model
can be used as an effective guidance while creating or developing online course
materials by the online educators and instructors. The strategy can be
effectively implemented to boost online students' involvement, motivation, and
learning focus. Both a linear and circular approach applies to these five
fundamental principles. In other words, while creating or delivering online
education, educators can go back to any earlier step and adjust their
instructional design. The online instructional design model's ultimate
objective is to help online instructors create better online courses or
lessons, to help online students concentrate on their learning, and to
encourage active teaching and learning.
Reference
Chen, L. (2016). A Model for
Effective Online Instructional Design. Literacy Information and Computer Education Journal, 7.
